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The US appears to be fully in the grips of centralized economic autarky. A tiny coterie of industrialists who have the President's ear decide how to allocate a gigantic amount of capital for their pet projects while the state raises tariffs and implements bans to protect them from competition.

Didn't go well for South America in the 60s and 70s but perhaps, as economists are prone to saying, "this time will be different".

Private capital. That detail seems to derail your whole comment.
> “I think this will be the most important project of this era,” Altman said on Tuesday. “We wouldn’t be able to do this without you, Mr. President.”

Since when does "private capital" speak in such honeyed tones to state powers?

https://www.cnn.com/2025/01/21/tech/openai-oracle-softbank-t...

When you want to suck up, you want to suck up.

It's private money. CEOs will say whatever they need to say to achieve goals (here, favorable conditions for AI work), look at what the actual money flows say.

There's more to support than money.
Bookmark this - This private capital will eventually backed by Govt guarantees on the loan banks gives. Which will socialize the loss and privatize profit...
Also the fact that two of the names in the headline are foreign owned. (North Korea is an autark's wet dream.)
Also the fact that they're not going to invest $500B, and this is mostly a puff piece.

As Elon said, they don't the money.

Talk is cheap.

$500B is not.

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> > Private capital

Groupthink capital, directed by mostly 2 "thought leaders".

Economies don't like Groupthink Capital, regardless of it being private, public or a combination of the 2

Of course the US economy as a whole is huge so even billions can be absorbed, once you start talking about half a trillion though...

Not to mention justifying further tax cuts for this tiny sliver of billionnaires so they can continue to "take risks to innovate".
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How so? Does this capital being private ensure "this time will be different"?
> Does this capital being private ensure "this time will be different"?

South America didn't have a mix of domestic and foreign investors deploying massive quantities of private money into capital assets in the 60s and 70s. They had governments borrowing to fund their citizens' consumption. Massive difference on multiple levels.

Moreover, if a government is funneling taxpayer money into the projects of a few citizens, that is a clear red flag of corruption. Whereas if private entities are deciding to invest their own capital into infrastructure, it's unclear what the complaint even is
> They had governments borrowing to fund their citizens' consumption.

The problem here being that it was money spent that was never earned back, and money that eventually had to be paid back, right?

This can also happen with private capital. 2008 was a bust caused by private banks, for example. AI hasn't proven to be profitable yet [1], and I'm not sure it'll makes a difference, for the success of projects like this, wether the money is coming from government or not.

In fact, if the 2008 bank bail-out, auto industry bail-out, the Silicon Valley bank prop-up, and other such actions by the US government are considered [2], if this turns out to be a bubble it will be taxpayers who end up fronting the bill.

[1] https://www.cbc.ca/news/business/ai-generative-business-mone...

[2] https://www.investopedia.com/articles/economics/08/governmen...

> problem here being that it was money spent that was never earned back, and money that eventually had to be paid back, right?

In part. It was money borrowed by the state. That means when it can't be paid back, it's automatically a systemic issue. And it was money borrowed to fund consumption. There was no good reason to ever expect it to be paid back because it wasn't funding productive activity.

> if this turns out to be a bubble it will be taxpayers who end up fronting the bill

Very possibly, particularly if part of the package are e.g. federally-subsidised loans. Before that, however, private parties will almost certainly lose tens if not hundreds of billions of dollars. That cushion, together with those parties being spread between domestic and foreign sources, is what makes this less risky to the United States than similar relative-magnitude projects in South America. (Plus the fact that this is a capital asset versus consumption.)

>> In fact, if the 2008 bank bail-out, auto industry bail-out, the Silicon Valley bank prop-up, and other such actions by the US government are considered [2], if this turns out to be a bubble it will be taxpayers who end up fronting the bill.

Haven’t all three examples you note (2008 crash, auto bailout, and SV prop up) resulted in a net return/gain for the taxpayer?

Capital owners allocate their capital to their "pet projects" all day every day. That is how the whole thing works.

I'm not saying "this time will be different". I'm saying this is business as usual.

$500b is not business as usual for any corporation. Centralized planning doesn't fail because of government bureaucrats, it fails because there is too much spending to be decided on by too few people.

Zuckerberg lost $30bn or more trying to create a VR amusement park. Scale that up to $500bn and see how much waste and dead-weight losses are created.

1. This isn't a single corp, it is multiple corps. For a sense of scale, MSFT alone spent ~$55B in Capex last year. Check out this[1] for a sense of how much different industries spend each year. Note that this will cross several industries including Power, Telecom, Software, electrical equip, etc.

2. There is no commitment to spend in a single year

3. There is no actual contractual commit here, this is a press release (i.e. Marketing)

4. There is not actually a $500B pile of gold being spent. This is more of a "this is how big we think this industry will be and how much we may spend to get exposure to that industry"

[1] https://pages.stern.nyu.edu/~adamodar/New_Home_Page/datafile...

The VR investment was a calculated risk that may or may not pay off in a longer time horizon. Meta is the leading VR company and well-positioned to benefit the most from whatever comes from the industry in the future.

The demand for more AI compute is already here and is less risky of an investment.

"Centralized planning" was effective under Bell Labs

Also I am not an economist but the VR failure was not dead-weight loss. If you invested in something downstream of that you profited off of Zuck's venture. Dead-weight loss is more of a gov-driven malinvestment
> $500b is not business as usual for any corporation

"Up to $500bn" is business as usual for Silicon Valley post-2021.

This is the real answer. There isn't $500B.
They should be free to decide how to spend their money?
this is private capital. yes, we are in an era of big projects and big capital deployment. is that synonymous with centralized autarky? i don’t agree
This is an amount that would be a meaningful change to most US states' gross annual economic output that we're talking about, and a few people control it. Sounds pretty centralized to me.

The fact that a handful of individuals have half a trillion dollars to throw at something that may or may not work while working people can pay the price of a decent used car each year, every year to their health insurance company only to have claims denied is insane.

> fact that a handful of individuals have half a trillion dollars

This is disputed [1]. In reality, a handful of individuals have the capital to seed a half-a-trillion dollar megaproject, which then entails the project to raise capital from more people.

[1] https://www.wsj.com/tech/musk-pours-cold-water-on-trump-back...

It's disputed by the guy who has a business interest in making sure his competition can't do as well, and this notice of dispute is printed in a paper that is literally named after a place where the vast majority of people have never had to do any real labor in their lives.

Also the guy disputing it is trying to regain control of an entity that he was too distracted to hold to its original mission, is on record as agreeing with the statement that Jewish people are the enemies of white people, takes copious amounts of mind-altering substances daily, has lost billions of dollars on purchasing a company that had a path to (modest) profitability, and did what could easily be seen as a Roman salute at an inauguration speech. Maybe he's not a great source of statements on objective reality, even within the AI industry.

With regard to the monetary amount, understand, once you reach a certain point, the amount of capital held by the quantity of individuals we're talking about is immaterial. Any capital they raise is usually derived from the labor of others and they operate a racket to prevent any real competition for how that capital is distributed by the labor or the customers who are the source of their actual wealth. The average Oracle employee (I know a few), for example, probably has a few more immediate things they want the surplus value of their labor to be spent on than Larry's moonshot. However, he ultimately controls the direction of that value through a shareholder system that he can manipulate more-or-less at-will through splits, buybacks, and other practices.

His customers would probably also like to pay less for what are usually barely Web 2.0 database applications. Of course, he has the capital to corner markets and shove competition out of the space.

All of this is to say when you reach this amount of money in the hands of one individual, they're more likely to regularly harm people than beat the odds on their next bet in a way that actually uplifts society, at least in a way that could beat the way just disbursing that capital among those who created it could.

>> takes copious amounts of mind-altering substances daily

Hyperbole much?

Not hyperbole at all [0]

[0]: https://www.yahoo.com/news/elon-musks-drug-becoming-problem-...

The only place the word "DAILY" occurs on the page you linked is where there is mention of a "DAILY CROSSWORD PUZZLE". The word "COPIOUS" is not found anywhere in the article. This is why I believe you clearly were being quite hyperbolic.
> disputed by the guy who has a business interest in making sure his competition can't do as well

This is a valid conflict of interest. That means we should closely scrutinize his claims. From what I can tell, he's added up correctly in respect of the named backers' wealth and liquidity.

> a paper that is literally named after a place where the vast majority of people have never had to do any real labor in their lives

Yes, we should ignore bankers when it comes to questions about money...

Do you have an actual claim? Or is it all ad hominem?

> capital they raise is usually derived from the labor of others and they operate a racket to prevent any real competition for how that capital is distributed by the labor or the customers who are the source of their actual wealth

They're capitalists, herego they can raise unlimited wealth?

Masa named who the partners are. You can search for financial numbers relating to soft bank and other firms who are involved and guess how much capital they can realistically deploy this year. They are claiming they will put 100 billion to work this year and all 500 billion before this administration ends. I am skeptical.

Given that all of the capital and implementation is private anyways, I am not even sure why this was announced with Trump on stage. To me it seemed like a spectacle to help Trump in return for maybe favorable regulation on things like antitrust or copyright or AI regulation or whatever.

Right as usual. This is more like a "promise" to invest a few $B and then continue to invest more and more if things go well
Free movement of capital and the ability to identify promising projects and allocate our resources there are why our society is prosperous and why we are able to devote more resources towards healthcare than any society that has ever come before us.

This money is managed by small amounts of people but it is aggregated from millions of investors, most of these are public companies. The US spends over 10x that amount on healthcare each year.

Is that why I, and a lot of other people my age, have a lower standard of living than my parents did at the same point in their lives?

The "free movement of capital" only ever seems to move the capital one direction: up to the people who needed the labor of others to reach such wealth.

The large majority of people do not have a lower standard of living than their parents at the same age. My dad’s family could not even afford shoes for him and he lived in Europe.

I am sorry that you feel you are downwardly mobile, but you should not assume your experience generalizes.

Mine lived in America. Where the story in the article is taking place.

This is, in fact, a generalized experience: [0]

[0]https://www.pewresearch.org/social-trends/2019/02/14/millenn...

I don’t feel like having the nth argument about whether we are better off today than in 1980. Agree to disagree, i feel that the facts are obvious, especially if you subset to the population whose parents were in the US in 1980.

i think if you gave people a legitimate choice to go back to 1980 (and take their friends let’s say), we would see the revealed preference. certainly if you did it for a year and then gave them the option to come back

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> This is, in fact, a generalized experience

Your article is from 2019. We're now "wealthier than previous generations were at [our] age" [1].

[1] https://www.wsj.com/personal-finance/millennials-personal-fi...

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The reason young people often have a lower standard of living is because:

- there is a shortage of housing

- predatory loans for higher education

- chronic health crisis due to terrible government health policy and guidelines

- globalization has led to an international labor market

The last point may be bad for many Americans but an unequivocal good for the world. Global poverty has seen an incredible drop in the past 70 years. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extreme_poverty#/media/File:Wo...

Interesting that you put the chronic health crisis on a failure of government.

I would put that more on a failure of culture to value healthy living and activity. I wouldn't call that the responsibility of the government. Perhaps lack of clarity on ownership is related to the crisis itself.

It's not solely the fault of government, but heavy corn subsidies and the food pyramid travesty didn't help.
Having to spend thousands for insurance every year (even if you’re totally healthy) and not having it even be remotely effective, is not my definition of “prosperous”.
Individual insurers pay out tens of billions of dollars in claims every year, frequently have non-profitable years, and are the counterparty on pretty risky contracts.

There are lots of problems with our current approach to healthcare, but insurers aren’t charging you way more than the cost to counterparty on that contract should be.

"Frequently have non-profitable years"

A graph of the stocks for UnitedHealth, Elevance (formerly Anthem) and Cigna shows that they're all on the growth track for the last five years.

If a subscriber pays them what they do, and they don't have money to pay a claim declared medically necessary by a medical doctor, but do have the money to forward to a retirement fund, they are charging too much.

Most of the rest of the industrialized world seems to grasp this concept, and their people live longer.

> graph of the stocks for UnitedHealth, Elevance (formerly Anthem) and Cigna shows that they're all on the growth track for the last five years

Stock price ! profitability, but you're still correct. UnitedHealth's operations have churned out cash each of the last four years [1], as have Cigna [2] and Elevance [3]. Underwriting gains across the industry have been strong for years [4]. The only story I can think of where American health insurers lost money was Aetna with its underpriced ACA plans [5].

That said, whimsicalism is also partly right in that insurers aren't the cause of the unaffordability of American healthcare. They by and large pay out most of their premiums. (With some variance.)

[1] https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/UNH/cash-flow/

[2] https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/CI/cash-flow/

[3] https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/ELV/cash-flow/

[4] https://content.naic.org/sites/default/files/2021-Annual-Hea...

[5] https://spia.princeton.edu/news/why-private-health-insurers-...

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I was referring to insurance writ large, but yes it's true recently health insurers have been profitable - but not massively, more like 3-4% average margins. [0]

> If a subscriber pays them what they do, and they don't have money to pay a claim declared medically necessary by a medical doctor, but do have the money to forward to a retirement fund, they are charging too much.

If it is only legal to lose money on providing insurance, nobody would do it.

> Most of the rest of the industrialized world seems to grasp this concept, and their people live longer.

I agree that there are problems with cost/performance in our healthcare market. I think it is largely due to overutilization & misallocation, combined with some poor genetic/cultural luck around opioids and obesity.

0: https://content.naic.org/sites/default/files/industry-analys...

The United States spends more per capita on socialized medicine than any other nation on earth[0]. US socialized medicine spending per capita is more than any other nation spends total between both public and private in fact, it just fails to provide it to anyone but the very poor, very sick and elderly.

You'd think the healthy working population wouldn't be that much of a burden to care for as well, but they have to go out of pocket and get insurance to provide for themselves after providing for everyone else.

There is a lot of graft going on for this to be the case. It may not be the fault of insurance companies but someone is stealing a great deal of money from the American people.

Now here's the million dollar question; are you aware of this obvious fact? Have you ever heard someone frame the socialized medicine debate in this way: "If we could be as efficient as the UK we could give you free healthcare AND cut your taxes!". If not, why not?

[0]https://www.statista.com/statistics/283221/per-capita-health...

graft but also overutilization/misallocation, ie. we will publicly spend massive portions of our GDP treating old people who are slowly dying but little on younger people who have some crippling illness, mostly because older people vote and triage is an uncomfortable concept to people
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None of this suggests a prosperous society. More like a corrupt and bureaucratic society.
It's a great thing that they can throw half a trillion at something that may not work. Every great tech advancement came from throwing money at something which might not work.
Is this word being used correctly?

au·tar·ky /ˈôˌtärkē/ noun economic independence or self-sufficiency. "rural community autarchy is a Utopian dream" a country, state, or society which is economically independent. plural noun: autarkies; plural noun: autarchies

But which word did he mean instead? It seems it should a synonym for "coterie".
that's what I thought
What does it have to do with Trump then? Why was he involved?
He love the publicity and most people won't realize that he doesn't have anything to do with this.
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Because $500b is not a number anybody will commit to without significant assurances regarding tax breaks, access to labour, security etc which can only be provided by the state.

Musk cannot ban Chinese autos from the US market, but the government can. Same goes for Tiktok, Zuck cannot force Americans not to use it. AI is the next battlefield and further bans will be coming down the line to make sure the investment is protected.

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> What does it have to do with Trump then? Why was he involved?

One of the broken parts of the American system is permitting. Trump can sidestep that by letting this be built on federal land. That, in turn, unlocks investment.

Beyond that, DoD and DoE are massive buyers of compute. Seeding the venture with purchase agreements from them de-risks the project further.

Finally, by Trump putting his name to it he assigns it his bully pulpit's prestige. (Though that doesn't appear to have carried over to Musk, who's already taking pot shots at it.)

And where do you think the socialists of the 60s got hard currency to import machinery from? Borrowing from non-state lenders.
borrowing from non-state lenders is neither a necessary nor sufficient condition for ‘autarky’ and your reasoning seems to just be since it happened in South America in the 60s it must be part of the economic mismanagement that occurred there.

i agree that our protectionist policies are bad and autarkic in nature

Like every other country. You exchange good or services for currencies from the other countries, and then you can use that currency to buy things from anybody that would take that currency.

There is nothing saying a socialist country can't produce goods and services, and sell them.

The effectiveness of policies is influenced by your starting position. South America is relatively poor. The United States is the best positioned country in the world by a long shot.
Apples to oranges comparison. The problem set is completely different regarding your doom example of South America.
How? the problem is the same: a need for rapid industrial development to grow the economy. The solutions are the same: government picks winners, which is how an upstart like OpenAI can be paired with a dinosaur like Oracle. The latter's CEO of course being a long time friend of Trump.
> the problem is the same: a need for rapid industrial development to grow the economy

This is first-mover industrial development being funded by private actors looking out for a return on their investments. South America saw nothing similar--it was duplicating others' industrialisation with state capital (often borrowed from overseas) while spending massively on handouts.

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Compared to China?
And it never is.
Tariffs are a negotiating tactic. Read Art of the Deal and that outlines how Trump negotiates.
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It will be different (and as another commentor pointed out, it probably always has been), because the adults are back it charge, thankfully.
Tariffs, mass deportations, rescinding anything the predecessor did because of your personal egotism. None of these are the behavior of adults, and you know better.