The intent of the owner of the artifact is the only consideration.
The wish of some previous owner is irrelevant.
The part you’re missing is your assumption that only the owner of the artifact would attempt to get access to the system.
Yes. Assumptions are being made.
It sounds like I should be considered a criminal because someone else might indeed be a criminal and I disagree.
If the next argument is you are unable to tell the difference myself and the criminal, then that is on you not me.