There's nothing improper about calling it Apple Silicon. Yes, the chips have ARM-based CPU cores, but those cores are designed by Apple, not Arm, and they're only one part of the overall A-series and M-series designs.
Apple, by the way, was a co-founder of Arm and helped develop ARM processors for use in the Apple Newton. Its early work on making ARM CPUs highly power efficient paved the way for their now-widespread adoption in mobile devices. There's some irony in how a part of the Apple Newton reverberates throughout the industry today.
Yes and no. Apple was a co founder when ARM was spun off from Acorn and the ARM processor already existed for 5 years.
Acorn supplied the engineers, VLSI supplied the manufacturing, Apple supplied the money
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Typical 90s Apple, short sighted and not seeing the wood for the trees.
If they had kept their stake instead of selling it off they would own the majority of the entire computing world by now.