> We measure the actual symbol distribution of 29 ternary LLM models and find that zeros account for up to 51.5% of all weights. Motivated by this finding, we introduce BITCOS, a simple distribution-adaptive layout

I honestly assumed that's how they already work. I have to admit that I even explained it like that to a friend. Why on earth wouldn't you design it like that from the start (talking about the adaptive, not the measure part; just sacrifice a few bits to clarify your encoding and save a ton of bits)?