Unfortunately these days bank apps are required by the banks for "security", and good luck getting anything done without the bank app installed on your phone.
The only other alternative available is SMS but that is being phased out (rightly so) for being insecure.
Currently my bank requires a device where I need to insert my card to get a one time six digit code based on a QR code the banking website serves me that the device scans.
I'm not quite sure why they don't support something like a yubikey with FIDO, but maybe there's a good reason.
ING supports hardware keys in some markets, so there's no reason not to.
because it's so niche it's not profitable to implement
I use my bank's website on my phone and desktop.