you got nsaids, metamizole, acetoaminophen, duolexitine. And you got a couple of more that work for neuropathic pain. The biggest problem with nsaids is that they cause bleeding and kidney failure, ulcers hence can cause stomach cancer.
Here is a site you can use too see how most pharmaco therapy is lacking.
https://pain-calculator.com/calculators/osteoarthritis-pain/
Yes.
Very few painkillers that are not blood thinners. Paracetamol and canabinoids are a couple of rare exceptions.
My uncle broke his hip in his old age. He died shortly after because of the bleeding induced by painkillers.