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AFAICT, the "Rising layoffs year after year" news lately has been an intentional misreporting of "Layoff rates slowly returning to normal after the hiring spree during COVID stimulation"

https://blog.glassdoor.com/site-us/wp-content/uploads/sites/...

https://www.glassdoor.com/blog/worklife-trends-2026/

But, CEOs figured out that if they blame layoffs on AI, stock go up a lot. Reporters know that anxiety about AI drives the clicks that write the checks.

I do think that AI anxiety is making HR around the world anxious about hiring. That's my best guess for why everyone is finding they need to apply to 500 jobs to get anywhere. So, AI is making it hard for you to find a job not because it took your job, but because HR is reading ragebait and turning it into a self-fulfilling prophecy.

I don't recall there being regular, industry-wide layoffs effecting software engineers for basically the entirety of my career up until the last couple of years. I'm sure my memory is bad and there's data to refute that, but this doesn't feel like "normal" at all.
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This is the same with ANY depreciating asset or currency? Can I wait a year to buy it? Will I get 10x the return by waiting a year? Will my competition have a moat if I can move 10x faster next year? can I save money now?
I'll need to look at the underlying data, but it seems that the job "classification/category" should be more important than the raw number. A boost in lower paid/service industry jobs does not mean that there wasn't a loss in a category where AI can be more easily dropped into existing businesses.

Data : https://www.bls.gov/news.release/pdf/empsit.pdf

Average weekly and hourly earnings were up in May [1], though “real average hourly earnings for all employees decreased 0.5 percent from March to April, seasonally adjusted” [2].

Nominal wages being up rejects the hypothesis that folks are being downsized into lower-paying roles.

[1] https://www.bls.gov/news.release/empsit.t19.htm

[2] https://www.bls.gov/news.release/realer.nr0.htm

It's quite frustrating that they track average rather than median wages. As wealth inequality increases, average will be less and less representative of worker health.
They do track median and 25th/75th percentiles.
Old joke: Bill Gates walks into a bar. On average everyone there is a millionaire
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That's a really old joke. :)

Here's a new one. Musk goes to a concert. On average everyone there is a billionaire.

The median would be interesting than the mean, as you can be hollowing out the middle, leaving more low-wage workers and a few very highly paid ones and the "average" still looks good.
Median is also up:

Median weekly earnings of the nation's 121.0 million full-time wage and salary workers were $1,235 in the first quarter of 2026 (not seasonally adjusted), the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. This was 3.4 percent higher than a year earlier, compared with a gain of 2.7 percent in the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) over the same period.

https://www.bls.gov/news.release/pdf/wkyeng.pdf

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wonder how much of it is K-shaped. if is payouts for execs, capital gains and alike are boosting aggregate.
Median specifically avoids outliers at both ends of the continuum like that.
In absolute terms AI is nibbling on a fairly small slice of the global pie of jobs - junior coders, lawyers, accountants, bankers.

The average person earns an average salary doing something very different to the stuff we on HN stress about.

key point, those 6 figures SWEs earn, they would spend to "local non SWE" economy.

your local datacenter does not care about local chickens or eggs, or private tutor, or pretty much anything at all. not even energy, it is has its own nucleaer reactor nearby. it is one-way economy from now on. you are only a consumer, not a producer. there is virtually nothing you (nor average joe) can provide that "datacenter" needs.

This is - quite literally - the fixed-pie fallacy, which has been thoroughly debunked by now. Read up on basic economics before commenting on this topic:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lump_of_labour_fallacy

be careful with "real" hourly earnings. if they're using the CPI then it can be very misleading. One need only compare nominal wages vs nominal rents per square foot for the last 50 years to see that actual wages have dropped by 30% and yet the "real" hourly average wage calculated via the CPI is flat, falsly implying that actual wages have not dropped.
> if they're using the CPI then it can be very misleading. One need only compare nominal wages vs nominal rents per square foot for the last 50 years to see that actual wages have dropped by 30% and yet the "real" hourly average wage calculated via the CPI is flat, falsly implying that actual wages have not dropped.

Yes, if you get to pick prices of arbitrary items to compare against, it's easy to come to whatever conclusion you want[1]. That's why CPI uses a basket of goods, specifically to avoid cherry picking shenanigans.

[1] https://www.aei.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/cpi2022junea-...

CPI functions to obscure disproportionate price increases in essentials by lumping them in with cheapening commodities (e.g. electronics) that have a high demand elasticity. It's as much a choice to to use CPI to come to the conclusion things are fine, as it would be picking "arbitrary items" such as the essentials: food, shelter, medical care, and transportation that would paint a picture distinctly less fine.
shelter isn't just a cherry picked item. It's by an far the largest spending category, that and healthcare. I couldn't care less about all the other categories, personally.
>shelter isn't just a cherry picked item. It's by an far the largest spending category, that and healthcare.

The BLS agrees. That's why "shelter" is weighted 35.6% in the CPI basket, by far the biggest item.

> I couldn't care less about all the other categories, personally.

If we're going by what people "care" about (whatever that means), the basket would probably be like 70% gas prices, 20% grocery prices, and 10% for everything else. Empirically speaking, those two are far more salient politically than housing.

What would cause an increase in the number of open lower paid and/or service industry jobs while simultaneously reducing the number of openings in tech?
World Cup / Summer.
typically unemployment rates are seasonally adjusted.
AI can't flip burgers?
It's crazy that so often I see articles, here on HN and elsewhere, where some pundit claims that there is no AI job crisis, AI isn't replacing any jobs, that layoffs are actually due to post-pandemic ZIRP overhiring, etc.

But then people who work in actual tech companies come in and explicitly say they are not hiring any juniors anymore specifically because AI is good enough to do most of what juniors do, and that senior engineers can now write 3x as much code, etc.

There seems to be a desire for a narrative that AI really just can't replace productive work, and that it's all a mirage. However it seems just like common sense that if an AI can do junior-engineer-level coding work, that a company has less reason to hire a junior engineer.

The decline in junior hiring began before ChatGPT had wide adoption, so AI is not a likely cause.

https://www.employamerica.org/labor-market-analysis/dont-bla...

The New York Fed has also released some research suggesting remote work has been a major factor differentially affecting early career workers.

https://libertystreeteconomics.newyorkfed.org/2026/06/remote...

"But then people who work in actual tech companies come in and explicitly say they are not hiring any juniors anymore specifically because AI is good enough to do most of what juniors do, and that senior engineers can now write 3x as much code, etc."

If you want an anecdote: the media company I work for just started hiring interns and juniors in software career tracks again after a lengthy hiatus.

I have a suspicion that Twitter laying off so much of the software staff was very influential for people with hiring abilities. The company didn't crash, and they (relatively slowly) began shipping new features again. I think that coincided with the pandemic-era overhiring, and we've been working against that combo ever since.

Every now and then, I actively try to make an LLM replace my tasks, and fully do greenfield projects I would accept- I don't see it. It's very good, no doubt. But I have or have been given the project parameters, and just like with a junior, failures in communication inevitably lead to breakdowns in execution.

It does your job, but not completely autonomously so you don't see it?

It requires a lot of guidance, luckily, I mean thank god otherwise we would be goners. The job itself hasn't become easier, but it did change. If you come across failures you update the spec, the guard rails, whatever you use to guide it. It's not a "it produced bad code and now it's forever useless" type of situation.

I don't generally respond to brand new accounts.
You just did. But it's OK, I understand.
I hate to be "that guy" but you're crazy if you don't see AI being able to do greenfield projects you'd accept.

I mean, in your defense, last year I think you would have been right, but right now? Codex rocks, as does Claude. I am literally making money shipping a greenfield project to a customer right now. I'm basically a cheap consultant that is incrementally adding features to make something exactly what they want for way cheaper than it would be to do it the old way.

There are hiccups, outages, things to fix etc. but the customer is happy with the output, and the reduced price means they get bespoke solutions rather than some BS one size fits all SaaS app. Then my job is maintenance and effectively "ITSM." Which kind of sucks in some ways, I miss writing real code for real projects, but this is the future going forward. If you want something for your business, you'll generate it rather than pay for it and for now at least, getting beyond localhost requires someone who knows a bit about computers or is willing to learn. Most small businesses aren't willing to learn.

Now, to your point. Is the code all that clean? Nope (and in your defense sometimes I read through the codebase and shudder)... but who cares? Like, for awhile I would go through and frantically edit it, but why? It worked. Not only that, but there's going to be a new model in 3 months or whatever that can clean it up and make it less shitty. I've literally done that a couple times since I started doing this in January.

The customer ain't reading the code. They don't care as long as the the functionality works - that's what counts. The gazillion tests I have keep it stable as I push code, and the CI/CD pipeline removes a ton of the ass pain I'd have without it.

The biggest thing I'm worried about when it comes to clean code and good design is trying to make sure I keep the token count down on these projects so I can actually do meaningful work without burning through a week's worth of tokens in a single day. That, and I like to try to keep a sort of architectural bird's eye view on what's happening...

Like, I'm not sure what niche of the industry you're in, but for the stuff I'm using it for, stuff is working really well with LLMs.

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I'm curious, did you choose "blind pilot" as your username before or after your adoption of LLMs for projects?
Since this comment began so rudely, I decided against reading the rest. All the best.
You do you, I literally say why you would have been right a year ago, but “so rudely” is a pretty funny stretch.
> https://www.employamerica.org/labor-market-analysis/dont-bla...

I would have preferred someone who uses a null hypothesis and statistical tests.

> There seems to be a desire for a narrative that AI really just can't replace productive work, and that it's all a mirage.

Yes, and juniors aren't known for their productive work in the beginning. That's not their purpose. Their purpose is to do the mundane work, because it is important for them to become less junior and more senior.

That is robbed of them.

Which in 5-10 years means the need for senior developers is gonna shoot through the roof.

Exactly. Now most new hires are apprentices, before they might have been hired to do chores
The need for seniors isn’t going to “shoot through the roof” if they are using AI.

If senior engineers are even 2x more productive with AI, then it’s like there are 2x as many senior engineers.

Most likely, seniors will be 10x more productive in 5 years using AI. This outpaces the retirement rate.

All the software engineers we need for the next 20-30 years are already in the current workforce.

Only way juniors can rise to the level of seniors will be through independent projects, long unpaid internships/apprenticeships, etc.

The industry will now have heavy gatekeeping built in.

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... and by the year 50, they will be a trillion times more productive?
people keep saying that assuming that in 5-10 years AI won’t be as good as senior engineers
What hubris on HN, to downvote this very reasonable comment.

A year ago I had no use for any LLM-driven tools, and today I can do my entire job without writing a single line of code.

If that happened in a year, what can we expect in 5? I have no idea what my job might even look like by then.

What makes you think that? AI isn't as good as any human in any field. Why would it be capable of replacing anyone at all in 10 years?
>What makes you think that? AI isn't as good as any human in any field.

Not even chess-playing? More applicable to jobs though, they're arguably better than some juniors.

5 years ago AI was a joke, today it is a major industry tool.
What are you talking about? AI is currently better at the things it can do than the average random person on the streets.
>But then people who work in actual tech companies come in and explicitly say they are not hiring any juniors anymore specifically because AI is good enough to do most of what juniors do, and that senior engineers can now write 3x as much code, etc.

Yup, that's reflected in the data as well, no need to invoke "vibes" or whatever.

https://www.economist.com/content-assets/images/20260516_EPC...

https://www.economist.com/content-assets/images/20260516_EPC...

The likely explanation is that there's job losses happening in some sectors, but it's made up for in other sectors.

They probably weren't hiring any junior coders to begin with.
the job description of a junior engineer can change. junior engineers can use AI to make themselves more productive too
In my experience, AI raises the ceiling but also lowers the floor. It can make experienced people more productive: they can vet the output. The juniors? Not so much. I've worked with guys who write prompts that are literally "fix it." The result is about as good as you expect.
"Productive junior" is vastly different than a productive software developer with a couple decades of experience. What they produce will differ in quality significantly, AI or no AI.
And now it becomes so good, that you want to have it. Which means companies have to deal with the budget increase which they will recupe.

How? By making a 5 person team a 4 person team + AI.

If i think about my co-workers (not excluding myself) from last 15 years, there was always someone you would accept just because it was better than not having that one person. If i can now replace them with more tokens/better models, man i wouldn't hesitate (of course i know what this means on a person to person level :/)

If you’re so confident, show us some data to debunk the article. You have a weird chip on shoulder, but no economic evidence to justify it.
> actual tech companies

Are you talking the big 10? Or "tech companies" in general?

> AI really just can't replace productive work

Okay. Show me the productivity gains. Those are measurable. Why is the "AI is ready" crowd never prepared to show this?

> that if an AI can do junior-engineer-level coding work

Then you have no competitive edge and most of your output probably cannot be copyrighted.

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well said. my wife's company has been having layoffs particularly from the overhiring during COVID. They went from 10 billion down to 1 billion thus far.
> However it seems just like common sense that if an AI can do junior-engineer-level coding work, that a company has less reason to hire a junior engineer.

I mean, if we want to not talk about economics that’s fine, but can the AI actually do junior work at the same price? What if we don’t look only at quarterly reports, and instead include the value of having people knowing about the business having to explain it to others, who then learn it and can improve it over time?

I think it’s clear the AI is strong, there’s no doubt about that, but that’s not the whole picture.

>I mean, if we want to not talk about economics that’s fine, but can the AI actually do junior work at the same price?

Even if we assume it can then not hiring Juniors still doesn't make sense - where will seniors come from in the future?

That's a problem for the next CEO of course
This is a collective action problem. Its too easy to claim the answer is "we'll hire our competitors juniors when they become seniors" and then every company wants to do that and not train their own juniors. Soon no one is willing to train juniors because theyll just leave for the companies that dont train juniors.
The point is not whether it’s a mistake to not hire juniors, but whether it’s actually factoring into the hiring/layoff decisions at tech companies. Many claims are being made that no companies are actually changing hiring/layoff decisions on account of AI, and are using it as a distraction to avoid admitting their mistakes over hiring. That may be true, but many managers and execs actually do seem to consider AI a sufficient replacement for much of their engineering team, and are stalling hiring/prompting layoffs because of it.
It's not so much a question of whether AI is strong or not. It's a question of whether the tradeoffs (theft of intellectual property, coal burning, lack of transparency, stealing water, rising energy prices, global surveillance, etc.) are worth the outcomes. It's not even a serious question.

If AI was truly strong, we would be seeing signs in the job market. And we would certainly be seeing a lot more subscriptions and demand for these services. For most people, AI does not improve their lives. For a lot of them, especially younger people, it makes their lives much harder and sadder.

> include the value of having people knowing about the business having to explain it to others, who then learn it and can improve it over time?

It's always been difficult to put a number on that value, which is the problem for the MBAs running the show. There's no number on the P&L assigned to tribal knowledge, and improvements that can be made by those with that knowledge and experience within the business.

It's a mistake that businesses keep repeating, over and over again, yet never actually learning the lesson. And now the industry is going to repeat it again, until there's enough pain that they realize that lost value and start rehiring again.

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I run a job search site and I don't see a crisis in terms of job openings even for SWE - but there is very clear signal that AI is deeply getting embedded in every SWE job.

https://corvi.careers/blog/global_software-engineering_jobs_...

Your own site shows there's very very little demand for entry level SWE which mirrors all the other data we've seen.

BTW, cool site!

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In the news I hear about tech layoffs, but I am having a difficult time trying to hire high quality senior SWE's. Perhaps it's not the senior's that were hit by the layoffs, or I'm just looking in the wrong places.

The big job sites feel rife with unqualified applicants and outright fraud, leaving me frankly unsure how to proceed.

It feels like a crisis of candidates-to-job-openings matching, and AI has made it much worse.

I'd correct that to forcefully embedded, like unpaid on-call.
Anecdotally, there's an AI job crisis for juniors right now
Yea, we're basically not hiring anyone that isn't a senior developer already. That's going to be a huge problem eventually but not my problem to deal with.

My best advice for folks that want to get into software now is be willing to do it cheap for awhile and then jump once you've developed some skills. If you were getting into this industry for the money you're properly fucked and I hope you didn't load up on debt. If you're passionate about building stuff there's still room but the path forward is a lot murkier.

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> If you're passionate about building stuff there's still room but the path forward is a lot murkier.

Definitely feel the murkiness. I've been programming as a hobby for over ten years and only recently started wanting to do it professionally. I'm actually wondering if there's a path for me.

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tbh, it was always kind of difficult to get a job as a Junior engineer, I had to work for free for almost a year to get the job then slowly grind my way up for higher salary
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This is a good point. So many stories on Reddit of college grads in computer science unable to find work despite being qualified.
It's really funny that the first thing in the article is a graph showing a long downward trend with a tiny, brief uptick circled at the end and then the entire article appears to be written about that.
I don't see an uptick. Demand has been steady for the past two years after falling from the post-pandemic frenzy. That fits with my personal experience of the tech industry over the past several years.

People are right to point out that hiring is nothing like the post-pandemic years, but it's not clear that it's any tougher out there than, say, 2018. This is from the perspective of someone with a lot of industry experience, though. I can't speak directly to the experience of junior engineers.

True, but coding agents have only been practically useful since early 2025. Jobs are flat or a bit up since then.
Hum... That's a huge conclusion from a single graph, I expected to see more data.

The jobs openings / unemployed close but a bit larger than 1 is the expected value when nothing is turning the economy completely upside down right now. It means there is no new shock that is too fast for people to adapt.

What is surprising, yes, because I could easily name half a dozen shocks that I would expect to see there. But it seems US people are adapting quickly right now, or things are canceling out.

The jobs AI crisis is me being stressed and overworked as management demands more AI, showy (but shallow) "look I made a skill" presentations grab attention, and my PR review queue grows every day as people generate more code than ever.

But to keep this out of a low-value vent, my experience has been that the _threat_ of it is there, but in my small corner of the world/industry, lots of layoffs that would have happened anywhere may just be categorized as "AI" layoffs, but the wild manpower reducing benefits aren't really there. The larger an org gets, the more of your job is dedicated to human stuff, and you can just get some of the code part done a little more quickly.

Would be interesting if we could measure how much effort is put into agentic coding harnesses, frameworks, and theory, vs labor saved using them.

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The most glaring gap in this "analysis" is that it's too early to tell. I don't understand how people can be certain in both extreme viewpoints.
How much time has to pass before we can dismiss the widely cited predictions by the media (and also many popular bloggers and podcasters) that AI will lead to mass joblessness? Those people need to at the very least acknowledge that their forecasts are so far wrong.
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First of all the May jobs report was mostly in temporary workers possibly due to the World Cup. Second as already noted the jobs are mostly in healthcare. Third job openings does not equal employment. These numbers have been diverging for a while likely due to people holding multiple jobs. Also I believe the evidence suggests the job crisis is due to WFH and not AI https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=48326721
Bold claim to say "no signs" based on non-contextual numbers. I think I recall somewhere that most jobs added were in healthcare.

>> The May jobs report reinforced this with nonfarm payrolls jumping by 172,000, confirming that there are no signs of workers being replaced by ChatGPT.

It’s so frustrating that someone with a title of “Chief Economist” puts things like this out there.

Job numbers get revised every month, in a negative direction.

New grad unemployment is high and trending higher.

New jobs exclusively are held up by addition in healthcare industry, almost every other sector is seeing some negative movement.

A lot of job openings, a good chunk of them, are just fake jobs where the company has no intention of filling them.

Pretty bold for someone to ignore all of that and come up with a claim like that.

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The shift toward healthcare employment is a very long running trend driven by the greying of the Baby Boom generation.

https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/CES6562000101

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Well... if you think in terms of a society spending its people on doing various things, spending more people on healthcare could be a good thing. It means we're getting food grown and stuff made with fewer people, so we can spend more people on making sure that everybody lives, and lives healthier.
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Workers taking on new/different roles isn't the same as being replaced. Workers have been taking on new/different roles since at least the advent of agriculture, so that's nothing new. Being replaced would be something new, but the data doesn't support it.
I'm a consultant, and had my first conversation about an AI clean-up job this week. I'm also just starting another gig analysing LLM output, my sell is that the analysis is hand-coded, as they weren't able to do it themselves with LLM support.

On the other hand, I'm just finishing an agent-heavy piece. After getting it set up, it's been some of the most mindless and soul-destroying work I've had the displeasure of in a while. This stuff will be near minimum wage in a few years, totally unskilled babysitting.

AI really hasn't been all that bad for work, by volume at least. I know where I want to focus my efforts though.

As a fellow freelancer where do you see that you could survive this into the future?
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Btw. we haven't yet builed the whole Agentic AI layer which is coming and companies are working on.

A lot of people and companies working left and right building things which are obvious that they are coming.

We do not know yet how that impacts even more people.

And AI already removed certain jobs.

I guess there are those who might say, "Well, hang on, give the crisis a minute to unspool..."
It's always 2-3 years away. 2027 was supposed to be the inflection point. That was 1-2 years ago.
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These analyses always crack me up. "There's 1 at least 1 job per person, why are people complaining" is the vibe I always get.

As though the decades of work I've put into my career means I should want a job as the hamburger man or working as a ditch digger. No shade to burger flippers or ditch diggers, but these are not jobs that I'm trained for, nor are they jobs that I remotely want to do. So for me, aviation expert, programmer, ML engineer, weird IT generalist, guy with a math degree who speaks a couple languages, and isn't exactly fully capable anymore, the idea that jobs in some other field (like an RN or an Oncologist or Electrician) are just something I can pivot into is just hilarious. It's such a shallow and ignorant take. Even the premise that all jobs are equally distributed and there aren't jobs that are more or less in demand at any time is a real funny take too.

I'm so glad I started working for myself, because honestly, seeing this dogshit analyses from supposed experts means I'll be able to keep making money for a long time just be actually trying when I need to think about something.

To me, it doesn’t make a lot of sense to hire fewer juniors because of AI. This assumes that the only thing AI can’t replicate is experience. This in itself already seems questionable, but most importantly what about creativity, relating to humans, common sense, etc.?

If you had to hire a concierge for a hotel, would you rather take a guest-oriented, quick-witted junior or an AI? If you could either take a Waymo or an 80-year old driver, what would you take?

I don’t believe hiring managers think that one-dimensionally. Roles are unique and in some roles experience is more important than in others. Plus, juniors already balance their lack of experience with lower salary expectations.

The much easier explanation for the anecdotes: companies are more cautious at the moment and if you only have a few positions to hand out, you rather take the proven hand than risking it on someone who hasn’t shown yet that they can do it

The tech co I work for just massively scaled token usage after the copilot price changes. If there was a chance for ai to replace anyone, it's gone now.
I'm pretty sure I have enough tech debt built up to last through the singularity. And AI somehow is only increasing the amount of things I want to do.
Pretty shallow analysis. Doesn't account or what sectors the new jobs are occurring or account for the extended length of unemployment many are experiencing or underemployment. If only he had asked chat GPT, it would have provided more context and nuance than a single chart.
Gedankenexperiment: If it turns out that the uptick in hiring is due to having to clean up after the first generation of vibecoded apps, is that really a net gain?
I used to think comparisons of AI with the web where ridiculous, but increasingly it looks like they're not that dissimilar as far as how they change how we work. But as someone who graduated college during the bust there was a loooong gap between peak hype and things like online banking and e-commerce becoming standard.

Even if AI is an absolutely bubble, and SpaceX, Anthropic and OpenAI all cease to exist in a year... there's simply no way that AI has not fundamentally changed work. Even if I was forever pinned to the local models I'm running and the agent harnesses they use, I would never write code for work the same way.

But I lived through the rise of the web. I remember serving dynamic websites through cgi (which meant a new instance of an interpreter was spawned per user session). I vividly remember great JavaScript books saying things like "never use JavaScript for core functionality". I recall Java engineers saying Ruby on Rails was a toy and would never take off, that Python offered nothing over Perl and that "rich web applications" where never going to replace app native interfaces. I remember when the MVC pattern from the early Smalltalk days being dusted off and repurposed for web applications, completely changing how we designed software for the web.

And all of that is just software. It wasn't until the pandemic that ebooks replaced print books in share of academic library circulation (reversing a decades long trend of reduced circulation).

In my daily use of agents for coding and other forms of problem solving, while it is a wild accelerant, it's also clear we have not even started scratching the surface of how to think about building things with these tools.

I suspect we'll adapt to AI faster, but having lived through one major tech revolution, transforming work still takes some time. I'm not surprised we don't see an immediate jobs crisis.

Not to mention the completely separate topic that huge classes of employees were not and are not all that productive, so boosts in productivity don't imply lost jobs. That would require a boost in productivity combined with pressure to create concrete value with less, looking at the SpaceX IPO we're still a ways away from working about how efficiently we create concrete value.

That little arrow on the right of that graph is wishful thinking.
https://fred.stlouisfed.org/graph/?g=1WPjJ
Wow, zooming out really puts the 2021-2022 hiring frenzy into perspective.
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20 years ago, everyone was whining about losing their jobs to outsourcing. Seems like the more things change, the more they stay the same.
In the US there is a widening income equality gap[0], of which outsourcing is one plausible component in a large, complex system.

https://www.pewresearch.org/social-trends/2020/01/09/trends-...

If every company only hires seniors from now on, and if we assume that the number of senior level jobs is steady, why do I not perceive an increase in leverage like during covid?
I wonder when we’ll reach diminishing returns on new AI models. Haven’t tried Mythos or Fable yet but it seems like Anthropic is already priming itself for this by calling for a “slowdown” of AI development.
I think it's less of a technology problem and more of a money and investment problem. They called for the "slowdown" right when they filed for IPO. This allows them to both triage the money bleed while under the microscope as well as make their competitors look unethical and dangerous if they don't heed the warning to slow down before we lose control of A.I.
At least in cybersecurity, we already have seen diminishing returns with newer models.

At this point the harness/applayer matters more, as different models perform better or worse on exploit classes depending on the prompt, tuning, and various other parameters.

Of course, by the time HN hyperfixates on a topic, it's already been executed on and HN is too late.

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My anecdote is there was a single wave of cuts and a bit of a shuffle, but for most part it's business as normal now
Maybe give it some time?
A "job opening" is not a job. It's an aspirational advertisement.

Further, the graph shown is pretty noisy and I'm not sure the upward move which counters the downward trent is statistically significant.

Can a crisis exist within noise?
Advertisement or trying to fool investors that they are growing
BLS doesn't look at job ads when compiling "job opening" data. Their method isn't perfect (nothing in life is), but far more comprehensive than you give it credit for.
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You can also look at the BLS unemployment rate. Its also low. The predicted mass joblessness due to AI shows no sign of happening
Maybe AI will finally be the tool that allows us to get rid of some of the people we have who do nothing more than push paper around. Maybe. But somehow I doubt it, at least not in a typical big corporate environment. And I have zero concern about us letting actual software devs go. Things will have to change pretty dramatically before we get that far.
AI will make those folks much more productive. They'll push a lot more paper around.
You mean the middle management? I have been in environments where they were almost literally made up of pencil pushers. Wouldn't be too sad to see them go. Only half joking, but it is written in jest.
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I don't see a software jobs crisis but I see a software industry crisis. The AI slopmageddon is upon us.
We're on the cusp of it. Models JUST got good enough to be better than the average white collar worker at nearly everything.

This literally is a brand new phenomenon; it's only a matter of time.

No, you're wrong and have no data to back it up. I, on the other hand, bring valuable personal experience that says AIs are useless. I asked it to do X and it did X, but it did it differently than I would do it. This means it is fundamentally flawed and complete utter trash. If it can't do X exactly how I like it without any guidance whatsoever it is not ready for prime time and never will be because it lacks "intelligence".
What kind of jobs are these? Volume is just one factor.
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Well, I'm on a small two person team.. for the last few years I would have loved to have 2-3 people under me.. I've been underwater constantly, but we couldn't afford it.

Now I have no need for anyone from a coding perspective.. I can keep up with multiple clients requests with a breeze. I don't have to manage anyone. I type of my phone while I'm on a walk and work gets done for me.

So yeah... it's not good.

Someone here said that they get paid 50k to fix the ai code.

Maybe all the job cuts from ai were filled by fixers of ai output

Or maybe, no one ever heard of jevons paradox. Or maybe everyone ignored it and preached job apocalypse as risky but a high reward marketing tactic

We're still going through the post-ZIRP job crisis.
The expectation of linear presentation of change in a bistable system is gobsmacking here.

If this kind of argument were generally valid, it would imply that:

- all change neither accelerates nor decelerates, which is absurd, on the face of it;

- the initial stages of a deep change are always surface-visible; for instance, cancers announce themselves when they begin to gestate, rather than when they metastasize

- A few recent points of data of questionable significance outweighs a hypothesis with considerable support from reason, intuition, and other (unpresented) data. For example, the plight of recent CS grads, which _is_ new, and _is_ on graphs, just not the one the author here chose.

So, since these implied claims are self-evidently _false_, it means that the author would, at a minimum, need to provide an explanation as to _why in this one instance, these considerations do not matter_; for example, the author could have argued that the graph positioned at the center of their argument is the one to look at (as opposed to, say, recent CS grads,) but that _itself requires further argumentation._

It also does not account for the other obvious possibilities; e.g.,that there is a delay between the (as it were) lightning and its thunder; or that even strongly nonlinear effects would have shown up by now in the metric chosen; etc. But since these contributions were not included in the original post, I have no choice but to discount it.

Not really a question of linear versus non-linear change when we see, in aggregates, almost no change at all.
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If America becomes wealthier due to AI, it will mean more follow-on jobs such as people using their newfound fortunes to remodel their homes, consume more , vacation, etc. Companies will expand and hire. All of this creates jobs even if AI may also destroy some jobs. The net result is more jobs. There is a huge market for upper-middle-class people in their 30-50s to look younger. This means more health clinic jobs and demand for pharma.
Theoretically, that's true. In practice the gains were limited to the wealthy who use that money to fund increasingly deranged start-ups* until the market crashes. Then rinse and repeat. The failed start-ups effectively waste any increased productivity leaving everyone about where they were before.

*They fund these start-ups to get a good return on investment so they can get even more money. As the economy overheats the number of places to invest with a reasonable return falls so they are left with the high-risk stuff to invest in. I'm not sure what they want the money for, though, since they could already afford most of the things I would find useful...

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Exactly.

Much of the "AI job crisis" rhetoric was PR comms to manage conversations around corporate restructuring (even ZIRP is a lazy PR comms excuse).

Most decisionmakers by 2025 already agreed they didn't expect AI to have a significant impact on hiring [0].

I've pointed out the reasons ad nauseum on here but no one listens [1].

[0] - https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2025-12-10/wall-stre...

[1] - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=47174561

For US SWE labor, off-shoring was and still is a big contributor. I do think AI is a factor too though. You almost get laughed at asking for headcount now. For junior positions in particular, there are close to zero openings.

AI has grown dramatically in capability since last year as well so I'm not sure 2025 data holds today.

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This is a spin piece from a private equity firm. Hardly the most unbiased and credible source for this kind of reporting.
You can't draw any conclusions based on "job openings" without dealing with, or at least addressing, "ghost job listings". There are several issues here:

1. AI ATS systems have made posting jobs "cheap", such that too companies post jobs that don't exist (ie "ghost jobs") to keep up appearances they're hiring or just to keep people in the pipeline in case they hire. This is a huge waste of everybody's time and should be illegal;

2. The hiring process itself gets increasingly Kafkaesque. AI screening, automated online tests, unpaid take-home work, etc. You have to get pretty far until a human gets involved. 10+ years ago this didn't happen because people needed to be involved much sooner and that's expensive;

3. In a lot of companies, getting employees to interview people is unpaid extra work effectively. They say it's important. You might even get dinged for not doing it. But anyone who has done it realizes pretty quickly a bunch of people who shouldn't get interviewed are getting interviewed and management doesn't care, even though employee time is expensive, because you essentially have to "make up the time" so it's still "free";

4. Even if you go through all that and get hired, you get laid off within a year such that income isn't dependable and you end up wasting a ton of time on the job-seeking process itself.

I've been thinking about this recently and high-information is part of the problem. In years long gone, it was hard to reach applicants so you'd have a small pool of higher-relevance candidates applying for a job. Say 10 people applying for 10 jobs. The odds were better. It was less work on everybody's side.

But now you have 200 people applying for 200 positions. This wastes everybody's time but the problem is that companies have offset this by pushing filtering onto these automated systems. People still need to enter all their bio information, etc. So it's just much more inefficient inherently even if the job opening is legitimate.

You can look at the official unemployment rate, too. It's still low despite rapid advances in LLMs
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Shallow. Who's upvoting this dross

The disclosures are longer than the content

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Now that Claude Fable is out I’m sure it will finally come true /s
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maybe look into industries AI is best at automating? like constant layoffs in Software? 160,000 people lost jobs in just 2026?

the claim "hey there is no AI job crisis", when previous SWE of 6-figures now takes job dishwashing in McDonalds + one more gig as Uber driver + food delivery gig is "job creation! now they have 3 jobs!". does not make any sense.

oh, you mean the interest rates crisis...
Why would you assume that’s from AI

You talk to any SE and it’s obvious we’re not running out of work to do since these tools became available

1. C-level says so 2. on-the-ground people indeed much more productive

but of course, it is not just AI. Software is consolidating and automating even without AI, that's the whole point of software.

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don't know whom you talk to. I see people laid of left-and-righ, in FAANG, banks, startup, pretty much everywhere.
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